Drill Bits & Parts

Drill bits are cutting tools that are used to remove different types of materials to create a hole, generally always in a circular motion. Their operating principle involves a combination of rotational motion and axial force; when attached to a power drill, the bit spins rapidly while downward pressure is applied, allowing the cutting edges to shear away material effectively. Key pieces include the spiral (or flute), which facilitates chip removal and cooling, and guides the bit into the material for precision.

The point angle affects penetration efficiency, with sharper angles suited for harder materials. The lip angle influences cutting action and required pressure, while the functional length determines how deep a hole can be drilled. Finally, the shank connects the bit to the drill and can vary in design, such as straight or hex, to ensure a secure fit.

Having the right size and the right type of drill bit is a key factor in ensuring the highest standard of work and ensures you can drill with confidence and accuracy.

Common Types of Drill Bits

• Twist – The most common type of drill bit and ideal for drilling wood, plastic, and metals. They are generally made from HSS and are suited to general household DIY tasks, as well as professional applications like maintenance and engineering. Check out our twist drill bits guide for more information.
• Masonry – The TCT drill bits are the best to use when drilling brick, block, stone and mortar and are most commonly used in the construction industry. They are generally used with a hammer power tool for more effective results.
• SDS (Slotted Drive System) – These have a special shank that fits into the chuck of an SDS power tool. The SDS system delivers a higher standard and more efficient results than a standard hammer drill when working with harder materials like concrete.

Drill Bits Materials

Drill bits are crafted from various materials, each suited for specific tasks based on their unique properties. For instance, high-speed steel (HSS) is a popular choice for general-purpose drilling, known for its balance of durability and affordability; it retains its hardness even at high temperatures, making it ideal for wood, plastic, and softer metals.

In contrast, carbide drill bits are exceptionally hard and wear-resistant, which makes them perfect for drilling through tough materials like stainless steel or masonry. While they offer superior cutting performance, they can be more brittle, requiring careful handling.

Additionally, cobalt drill bits, which contain a percentage of cobalt mixed with HSS, provide enhanced heat resistance and are excellent for drilling hard metals in machine applications, allowing for faster drilling speeds and increased longevity. Thus, each material serves a distinct purpose, ensuring optimal performance across various applications.

Drill Bit Sizes

Drill bit sizes and lengths are crucial factors that influence drilling efficiency and effectiveness, as they determine the diameter of the hole and the depth achievable. Two of the most common drill bit sizes are 9.53mm and 12.7mm; however, for comparison, the minimum sizes available in drill bit sets can range from as little as 0.3mm all the way up to 16mm, while the maximum sizes can extend from 1.6mm to 80mm.

In addition to these, other common sizes include 13mm, 15mm, 18mm, 23mm, 24mm, and 26mm drill bits, each suited for different tasks. For example, shorter bits are ideal for drilling into surfaces like wood and soft metals where precision is key, while longer bits are suited for deeper drilling applications in thick materials or accessing hidden areas.

Moreover, larger diameter bits are often used for creating pilot holes or for installing hardware, while smaller bits are essential for detailed work, such as drilling for screws or in confined spaces. In summary, selecting the appropriate size and length of drill bit not only enhances the quality of the work but also ensures the right tool for the specific task at hand.

How to Choose the Right Drill Bit?

Consider the Material

• The material you are working with is crucial in selecting the right drill bit:
  • Wood: Use HSS or brad point bits for clean cuts.
  • Metal: Opt for cobalt or titanium-coated bits for enhanced durability.
  • Masonry/Concrete: Use a masonry bit with a carbide tip to withstand the material's hardness.

Task Complexity

• The complexity of the task can influence your choice:
  • Simpler tasks may require standard bits.
  • Intricate jobs, such as creating countersinks or pilot holes, may require specialized bits.

Drill Type

• The type of drill being used is another consideration:
  • Cordless Drills: May require lighter bits for better performance.
  • Heavy-Duty Drills: Can handle larger, more robust bits.

Industry Applications of Drill Bits

Drill bits are used for various industrial applications according to their unique needs. In the construction industry, for instance, masonry bits are commonly used to drill into concrete and brick, facilitating the installation of fixtures like shelves and electrical systems.

Similarly, in the manufacturing sector, precision drill bits are essential for creating intricate components in automotive and aerospace engineering, where accuracy is paramount. Moreover, in woodworking, brad point and spade bits are employed to achieve clean, precise holes in furniture production and cabinetry.

Additionally, the oil and gas industry relies on specialized drill bits, such as polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bits, to penetrate deep into the earth for resource extraction, showcasing their importance in more demanding environments. Furthermore, the electronics sector uses micro drill bits for tasks like printed circuit board (PCB) fabrication, where small, accurate holes are crucial for functionality.

Your Trusted Drill Bits Supplier & Manufacturer

As a trusted and widely recognized supplier of drill bits in Australia, RS stands out for its extensive range of high-quality products available for sale from renowned manufacturers such as Dormer, Sutton Tools, Krino, and Bosch.

By choosing RS, you get to buy from a diverse online selection of drill bits tailored for various applications and benefit from our excellence and reliability. Moreover, our delivery service across Australia ensures that you promptly receive the tools, minimising downtime and enhancing productivity. To learn more about our delivery options, visit our delivery page.